El Nino drives 13% monsoon shortfall, slashing water reserves and crops in India

India's 2026 southwest monsoon fell 13% short, depleting water stores and hurting agriculture, as a strengthening El Nino may also alter winter weather.

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Cars navigate a flooded street in Kolkata, India during heavy monsoon rains.
Photo: Dibakar Roy

India’s 2026 southwest monsoon concluded with rainfall 13 percent below normal, a shortfall linked to the intensified El Nino that has persisted over the Indian Ocean this year.

The deficit has lowered reservoir levels and reduced water for irrigation, prompting a decline in crop yields across several states, according to agricultural monitors.

Meteorologists warn the same El Nino pattern could modify the country’s winter weather, though precise effects remain uncertain.

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